[Submitted on 11 Jun 2026 (v1), last revised 21 Jul 2026 (this version, v2)]

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Abstract:Floating solar photovoltaic (FSPV) systems provide a land-efficient pathway to expand clean electricity access in energy-poor regions. South America has among the highest global FSPV potential (approx 38.26 TWh per million acres of water surface), yet deployment remains limited. This study presents a techno-socio-economic framework to assess FSPV for energy access, water security, and grid flexibility, with case studies in Nicaragua, Honduras, and Guyana. Estimated yields for 50 to 398 MW systems exceed 1,500 to 2,000 kWh per kW annually with capacity factors above 20 percent. At El Cajon, FSPV could significantly reduce emissions relative to fossil generation. Results show competitive costs with land-based PV when accounting for avoided land use, shared hydropower infrastructure, and water benefits. The framework also highlights co-location with hydropower and AI data centers, offering a scalable model for deployment in underserved regions.

Submission history

From: Soham Ghosh [view email]
[v1] Thu, 11 Jun 2026 01:46:35 UTC (5,583 KB)
[v2] Tue, 21 Jul 2026 01:26:08 UTC (5,587 KB)