[Submitted on 28 Jul 2026]

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Abstract:The rise of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has fueled high expectations regarding its potential to enhance knowledge work productivity in terms of efficiency and quality. Building on task-technology fit (TTF) theory, we empirically examine the extent of GenAI's productivity effect for different task types. We conducted a randomized lab-in-the-field experiment with 128 knowledge workers from a multinational industrial organization. Participants completed three representative knowledge work tasks (knowledge acquisition, packaging, and creation), either with or without GenAI. Results show that GenAI consistently increases efficiency across tasks. However, its impact on quality is task-contingent: quality increases for knowledge packaging and creation but declines for knowledge acquisition. Furthermore, GenAI tends to reduce quality variance for knowledge packaging and creation, primarily benefiting lower-performing knowledge workers. However, it increases quality variance for knowledge acquisition. These findings contribute to a more granular, differentiated understanding of GenAI's productivity impact and hold implications for research and practice alike.

Submission history

From: Chiara Schwenke [view email]
[v1] Tue, 28 Jul 2026 16:13:15 UTC (1,190 KB)